Carlina gummifera

Carlina gummifera

Synonymy

Source: Greuter, W. (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). – In: Greuter, W. & Raab-Straube, E. von (ed.): Compositae. Euro+Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
Carlina gummifera (L.) Less., Gen. Cynaroceph.: 12. 1832
  • Atractylis gummifera L., Sp. Pl.: 829. 1753
  • Chamaeleon gummifer (L.) Cass. in Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. 50: 59. 1827
  • =Atractylis macrocephala Desf., Fl. Atlant. 2: 255. 1799
  • Chamaeleon megacephalus Cass. in Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. 50: 59. 1827, nom. illeg.
  • Carlina macrocephala (Desf.) Less., Gen. Cynaroceph.: 12. 1832 [non Carlina macrocephala Moris]
  • Carlina fontanesii DC., Prodr. 6: 548. 1838, nom. nov.

Distribution

AE(G) Ag ?Co Cr Gr Hs(S) It Lu Ma Sa Si(M S) Tn Tu(A) 

Euro+Med endemic: Algeria nativeA,B,C,D; Corsica native: presence questionableE,F; Crete, with Karpathos nativeG,H,I,J,K,L,M; East Aegean islands (Greek East Aegean islands nativeH,L,N,O); Greece nativeG,H,I,J,L,M,P,Q,R; Italy, with San Marino and Vatican City nativeM,S,T,U; Morocco nativeB,V,W; Portugal nativeAA,M,X,Y,Z; Sardinia nativeAB,AC,M,S,U; Sicily, with Malta nativeM (Malta nativeAD,AE,AF,T, Sicily nativeAF,AG,S,T,U); Spain, with Gibraltar and Andorra nativeM (Spain nativeAH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,X); Tunisia nativeA,AM,AN,B; Turkey (Turkey, Asiatic part nativeAO,G,O)

Common Names

Basque (Spain): basa-kardaberaAP; Corsican (Corse): MasticonacciaAQ; English (Malta): Stemless AtractylisAR; French (Corse): Carline à gommeAQ; Italian (Italy): Masticogna laticiferaAS; Maltese (Malta): Xewk il-MisktaAR; Portuguese (Portugal): arjunçaAP, camaleâo-brancoAP, cardo do viscoAP, cardo do visgoAP, cardo matacâoAP, cardo-do-viscoAP, cardo-do-visgoAP, cardo-matacâoAP, cardo-pinto brancoAP, cardo-pinto gommosoAP, carlina bastardaAP, carlina gommosaAP, carlina-bastardaAP, chameleâo branco bastardoAP; Spanish; Castilian (Spain): ajonjeraAP, ajonjera comúnAP, aljonjeAP, aljonjeraAP, aonjeAP, aonjeraAP, aunjeAP, aunjeraAP, camaleón blancoAP, cardo ajonjeraAP, cardo ajonjeroAP, cardo de aonjeAP, cardo de ligaAP, cardo de liriaAP, cardo jonjeroAP, ligaAP, liriaAP, ongioAP, onjeraAP, unjeraAP

Bibliography

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B. Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. 2011: Index synonymique de la flore d’Afrique du Nord 2. Dicotyledoneae: Acanthaceae - Asteraceae. – Genève
C. Mediouni, K.: Elaboration d’un bilan et d’une stratégie nationale de développement durable de la diversité biologique. Tome V: Liste des taxons recensés en Algérie: flore continentale. – [Alger] (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
D. Quézel, P. A. & Santa, S. 1963: Nouvelle flore de l’Algérie et des régions désertiques méridionales 2. – Paris (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
E. Jeanmonod, D. & Gamisans, J. 2013: Flora corsica, ed. 2. – Saujon: Société Botanique du Centre-Ouest
F. Tison, J.-M. & de Foucault, B. 2014: Flora Gallica. – Mèze: Biotope
G. Boissier, P. E. 1875: Flora orientalis 3. – Genève, Basel & Lyon
H. Dimopoulos, P., Raus, Th., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatroú, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A. & Tzanoudakis, D. 2013: Vascular Plants of Greece. An annotated checklist. – Englera 31
I. Halácsy, E. von 1902: Conspectus florae graecae 2. – Lepizig
J. Hayek, A. von 1928–1931: Prodromus florae peninsulae balcanicae, 2. – Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis. Beihefte 30(2) (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
K. Jahn, R. & Schönfelder, P. 1995: Exkursionsflora für Kreta. – Stuttgart (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
L. Rechinger, K. H. 1944: Flora aegaea. Flora der Inseln und Halbinseln des Ägäischen Meeres. – Denkschriften, Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 105(1) (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
M. Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. 1964–1980: Flora europaea 1-5. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
N. Boissier, P. E. 1875: Flora orientalis 3. – Genève, Basel & Lyon (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
O. Davis, P. H. 1975: Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 5. – Edinburgh (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
P. Halácsy, E. von 1908: Supplementum conspectus florae graecae. – Leipzig
Q. Halácsy, E. von 1912: Supplementum secundum conspectus florae graecae. – Magyar botanikai lapok 11: 114-202
R. Rechinger, K. H. 1949: Florae aegaeae supplementum. – Phyton (Horn) 1: 194-228 (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
S. Conti, F., Abbate, G., Alessandrini, A. & Blasi, C. 2005: An annotated checklist of the Italian vascular flora. – Roma: Fratelli Palombi (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
T. Fiori, A. 1925–1929: Nuova flora analitica d’Italia 2. – Firenze (as Carlina gummifera var. gummifera)
U. Zangheri, P. 1976: Flora italica 1 (Testo). – Padova (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
V. Jahandiez, É. & Maire, R. C. J. E. 1934: Catalogue des plantes du Maroc 3. – Alger (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
W. Valdés, B., Rejdali, M., Achhal El Kadmiri, A., Jury, S. L. & Montserrat-Marti, J. M. 2002: Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du nord du Maroc, incluant des clés d’identification 2. – Madrid (as Chamaeleon gummifer (L.) Cass.)
X. Castroviejo, S. 2014: Flora Iberica 16(1). – Madrid
Y. Coutinho, A. X. P. 1939: A flora de Portugal, ed. 2. – Lisboa (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
Z. Franco & J. do Amaral 1984: Nova flora de Portugal (continente e Açores) 2. – Lisboa (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
AA. Sampaio, G. 1947: Flora portuguesa, ed. 2. – Porto
AB. Arrigoni, P. V. 2015: Flora dell'isola di Sardegna 5. – Sassari: Carlo Delfino (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
AC. Fiori, A. 1925–1929: Nuova flora analitica d’Italia 2. – Firenze (as Carlina gummifera var. fontanesii)
AD. Haslam, S. L., Sell, P. D. & Wolseley, P. A. 1977: A flora of the Maltese Islands. – Msida (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
AE. Lanfranco, G. G. 1955: Guide to the flora of Malta. – Malta
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AG. Giardina, G., Raimondo, F. M. & Spadaro, V. 2007: A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily. – Bocconea 20
AH. Bolòs, O. de & Vigo Bonada, J. 1995: Flora dels països catalans 3. – Barcelona (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
AI. Bolòs, O. de, Vigo Bonada, J., Masalles, R. M. & Ninot, J. M. 1990: Flora manual dels països catalans. – Barcelona (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
AJ. Smythies, B. E. 1984: Flora of Spain and the Balearic Islands. Checklist of vascular plants, 1. – Englera; Veröffentlichungen aus dem botanischen Garten und botanischen Museum, Berlin-Dahlem 3: 1-212 (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
AK. Valdés, B., Talavera, S. & Fernández-Galiano, E. 1987: Flora vascular de Andalucía occidental 3. – Barcelona (as Chamaeleon gummifer (L.) Cass.)
AL. Willkomm, M. & Lange, J. 1865–1870: Prodromus florae hispanicae 2. – Stuttgart
AM. Bonnet, E. & Barratte, G. 1896: Exploration scientifique de la Tunisie. Catalogue raisonne des plantes vasculaires de la Tunisie. – Paris (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
AN. Pottier-Alapetite, G. 1981: Flore de la Tunisie 2. – Tunis (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
AO. Güner, A. 2012: Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi. – Istanbul
AP. anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/ (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
AQ. Gamisans, J. 2007: Flora Corsica
AR. Haslam, S. M., Sell, P. D. & Wolsely, P. A. 1977: A Flora of the Maltese Islands. – Msida (as Atractylis gummifera L.)
AS. Pignatti, S. 1982: Flora d'Italia 3. – Bologna