Sambucus nigra

Synonymy

Source: Raab-Straube, E. von (2017+): Viburnaceae. – In: Euro+Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Sambucus nigra L., Sp. Pl.: 269. 1753

=Sambucus laciniata Mill., Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 2. 1768

Content

Distribution

AE(G) Ab(A N) Al Ar Au(A L) Az BH Be(B L) dBl Br Bu By Cg Cm Co Cr Cs Ct dCy Da Ga(C F) Ge Gg Gr Hb(E N) He Ho Hs(A S) Hu Ir It Jo Lt Lu Mo Po Rf(C CS K S) Rm Sa Si(dM S) Sk Sl Sr Tu(A E) [nAg nAz(C F G J L M P S T) aCa(C) Es nFe La cLe nMa Md(M) nNo nSu cSy nTn]

Euro+Med not endemic: Albania nativeA,B,C,D,E,F,G; Algeria naturalisedH; Armenia nativeI,J; Austria, with Liechtenstein nativeE (Austria nativeK,L, Liechtenstein nativeL); Azerbaijan (Azerbaijan (core) nativeJ,M, Nakhchivan nativeM); Azores nativeE,N (Corvo naturalisedO, Faial naturalisedO, Flores naturalisedO, Graciosa naturalisedO, Pico naturalisedO, Santa Maria naturalisedO, São Jorge naturalisedO, São Miguel naturalisedO, Terceira naturalisedO); Baleares native: doubtfully nativeP; Belarus nativeQ; Belgium, with Luxembourg nativeE (Belgium nativeR,S, Luxembourg nativeS,T); Bosnia-Herzegovina nativeD,U; Bulgaria nativeC,D,E,V,W,X,Y; Canary islands casual (Gran Canaria introduced); Corsica nativeC,E; Crete, with Karpathos nativeD; Crimea nativeC,E,Q,Z; Croatia nativeAA,D; Cyprus native: doubtfully nativeC; Czech Republic nativeAB,AC,AD; Denmark nativeAE,E; East Aegean islands nativeC (Greek East Aegean islands nativeAF); Estonia introducedAG,Q; Finland naturalisedE; Former Yugoslavia nativeC,E; France, with Channel is. and Monaco (Channel islands nativeAH,AI, France nativeAJ,C,E,R); Georgia nativeAK,AL,J; Germany nativeAM,AN,AO,AP,E; Great Britain nativeAH,AI,E; Greece nativeAF,C,D,E; Hungary nativeAQ,AR,E; Ireland, with N Ireland nativeAI,E (Ireland nativeAH,AS,AT, Northern Ireland nativeAH,AS); Israel/Palestine nativeAU; Israel/Palestine-Jordan introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisationC; Italy, with San Marino and Vatican City nativeAV,C,E,L; Jordan nativeAW,AX; Latvia introducedAG,Q; Lebanon cultivatedAY; Lebanon-Syria introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisationC; Lithuania nativeQ; Madeira archipelago (Madeira island introducedAZ); Moldova nativeBA,Q; Montenegro nativeBB,D; Morocco naturalisedC,H; Netherlands nativeBC,BD,E; Norway naturalisedBE,E; Poland nativeBF,BG,E; Portugal nativeBH,BI,C,E; Romania nativeBJ,BK,BL,D,E; Russia (C European Russia nativeQ, Kaliningrad region nativeQ, North Caucasus nativeJ, S European Russia nativeQ); Sardinia nativeAV,BM,C,E; Serbia, with Kosovo nativeBN,D; Sicily, with Malta nativeE (Malta native: doubtfully nativeC, Sicily nativeAV,BO,BP,C); Slovakia nativeAB,AC,BQ,BR; Slovenia nativeBS,BT,BU; Spain, with Gibraltar and Andorra nativeC,E (Andorra nativeBH,BV, Spain nativeBH); Sweden naturalisedBW,BX,E; Switzerland nativeBY,BZ,CA,E; Syria cultivatedAY; Tunisia naturalisedCB,H; Turkey (Turkey, Asiatic part nativeC,CC, Turkey-in-Europe nativeC,CC,E); Ukraine, with Crimea nativeCD,CE,Q

Common Names

Aragonese (Spain): sabucoCF, sabugoCF, sabuqueraCF, sabuqueroCF, sauquerCF, sauqueroCF, sauquéCF, saúcoCF; Asturian; Bable; Leonese; Asturleonese (Spain): beneitoCF, benituCF, bineituCF, binteiroCF, bizcatalCF, bizcatuCF, flor de San JuanCF, flor de benituCF, flor de sabuguCF, flor de saúcuCF, flor de saúgoCF, sabucuCF, sabugoCF, sabuguCF, sabuyuCF, sabúCF, sagúCF, saúbuCF, saúcoCF, saúcuCF, saúgoCF, saúguCF, xabuguCF, xabúCF, xagúCF, xaúCF, xaúbuCF, xaúguCF, xiricalCF; Basque (Spain): San Juan liliCF, akamailuCF, akamalluCF, akameluCF, akaramailuCF, ciorriaCF, flotaCF, inchusaCF, inchusáCF, inchusá salipardaCF, intsusaCF, intsusa beltzCF, intuCF, intusaCF, intxuCF, intxusaCF, linsusaCF, lintsusaCF, plaustaCF, plausta arrCF, sabikoCF, sabikoaCF, sabukaCF, sabukitzeCF, sabukoCF, sagukaCF, sagukitzeCF, sakutaCF, sakuteCF, salipardaCF, saretsCF, saukaCF, saukoCF, saukuCF, sorgin-matsakCF, txikutxaCF, txotxikaCF, zaminkaCF, ziorrCF, ziorriCF, ziorriaCF; Catalan; Valencian (Spain): benabreCF, bonabreCF, bonarbreCF, bonaubreCF, menabreCF, sabucCF, sabuquerCF, sahuchCF, sahuguéCF, sahuquéCF, samuaquerCF, samucoCF, saucCF, sauchCF, sauch sensillCF, sauquerCF, sauqueroCF, sauquéCF, saücCF, saüc verCF, saüguerCF, saüquerCF, saüqueraCF; Finnish (Finland): mustaseljaCG; Galician (Spain): baiteiroCF, beleiteiroCF, beneitoCF, beneituCF, bianteiroCF, biateiroCF, biauteiroCF, bieiteiroCF, bieitoCF, bieteiroCF, bieteiruCF, bieuteiroCF, bineitoCF, bineituCF, binteiroCF, biouteiroCF, birouteiroCF, biuiteiroCF, pau virandoiroCF, sabucoCF, sabugoCF, sabugueiroCF, sabuguiñoCF, sambucoCF, sambugueiroCF, samugueiroCF, samugueiruCF, samuxeiroCF, sangoCF, saúguCF, vieiteiroCF, vinteiroCF, viouteiroCF, viradoiroCF, virouteiroCF, xabucuCF, xabugoCF, xabuguCF; Greek, Modern (1453-) (Crete): ΜουρβέριCH; Greek, Modern (1453-) (East Aegean Islands): ζαμπούκοςCI; Greek, Modern (1453-) (Greece): ΑγριοαφροξυλιάCH, ΑσβουτάναCH, ΑφροξυλιάCH, ΒρωμοφροξυλιάCH, ΖτόκοςCH, ΚουφοξυλιάCH, ΚοφόξυλονCH, ΚπυριάCH, ΜπουζίκαCH, ΦλασκιάCH, ΦροξυλάνθιCH, ΦροξυλιάCH, ΦρουξυλήθραCH; High Aragonese (Spain): sabucoCF, sabugoCF, sabuqueroCF, sabuquéCF, samucoCF, samuquerCF, samuqueroCF, sauquerCF, sauquereroCF, sauqueroCF, sauquéCF; Majorcan (Mallorca): sauchCF, sauqCF, sauquerCF, saücCF, saüquerCF; Portuguese (Portugal): baiteiroCF, beneituCF, biateiroCF, biauteiroCF, bieiteiroCF, bineituCF, binteiroCF, biouteiroCF, candelheiroCF, caneleiroCF, pau virandoiroCF, sabugoCF, sabugueiroCF, sabugueiro ordinarioCF, sabugueiro-negroCF, samugueiroCF, saúguCF, virouteiroCF, xabucuCF, xabuguCF; Spanish; Castilian (Spain): binteiroCF, canilleroCF, canineroCF, cañileroCF, cañoleroCF, coheteraCF, cortezaCF, cresta de galloCF, cresta galloCF, flautaCF, higueraCF, hoja de galloCF, sabucaCF, sabucalCF, sabucoCF, sabuco de JudasCF, sabuco realCF, sabugoCF, sabugueiroCF, sabugueiruCF, sabugueroCF, sabujoCF, sabuqueiroCF, sabuqueraCF, sabuqueroCF, sabúCF, sacaputeCF, sagúCF, sahucoCF, sahúcoCF, samugoCF, samuqueroCF, sangúCF, saucalCF, saucoCF, sauco blancoCF, sauco comúnCF, sauco mayorCF, sauco negroCF, saugoCF, sauguCF, sauqueroCF, sayugoCF, saúcalCF, saúcoCF, saúco mayorCF, saúco negroCF, saúgoCF, saúguCF, siaugoCF, siaúcoCF, yezgoCF; Spanish; Castilian (Tenerife): saúgoCF; Swedish (Sweden & Finland): fläderCG; Valencian (Spain): herba de llauretesCF, sabuquéCF, sahuguéCF, samuaquerCF, samucoCF, saucCF, saugueraCF, sauguéCF, sauqueroCF, sauquéCF, saücCF, saüquerCF, saüquéCF

Bibliography

A. Barina, Z. 2017: Distribution atlas of vascular plants in Albania. – Budapest: Hungarian Natural History Museum

B. Demiri, M. 1983: Flora ekskursioniste e shqipërisë. – Tiranë: Shtëpia Botuese e Librit Shkollor

C. Greuter, W., Burdet, H. M. & Long, G. 1984: Med-Checklist 1. – Genève & Berlin

D. Hayek, A. von 1928–1931: Prodromus florae peninsulae balcanicae, 2. – Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis. Beihefte 30(2)

E. Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. 1964–1980: Flora europaea 1-5. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

F. Vangjeli, J. 2003: Udhëheqës fushor i florës së Shqipërisë. – Tiranë

G. Vangjeli, J. 2015: Excursion Flora of Albania

H. Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. 2011: Index synonymique de la flore d’Afrique du Nord 2. Dicotyledoneae: Acanthaceae - Asteraceae. – Genève

I. Takhtajan, A. L. 1980: Flora Armenii 7. – Erevan: Armenian Academy of Sciences

J. Takhtajan, A. L. 2008: Konspekt flory Kavkaza 3(1). – Sankt-Peterburg & Moskva

K. Adler, W., Oswald, K. & Fischer, R. 1994: Exkursionsflora von Österreich. – Stuttgart & Wien

L. Fischer, M. A., Oswald, K. & Adler, W. 2008: Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol, ed. 3. – Linz

M. Karjagin, I. I. 1961: Flora Azerbajdžana 8. – Baku: Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk Azerbajdžanskoj SSR

N. Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. 1993: Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 4th revised edition. – Sommerfeltia 17

O. Silva, L., Moura, M., Schaefer, H., Rumsey, F. & Dias, E. F. 2010: Lista das plantas vasculares (Tracheobionta). – In: Borges, P. A. V. & al., Listagem dos organismos terrestres e marinhos dos Acores (A list of the terrestrial and marine biota from the Azores). – Cascais

P. Bolòs, O. de, Vigo Bonada, J., Masalles, R. M. & Ninot, J. M. 1990: Flora manual dels països catalans. – Barcelona

Q. Fedorov, A. A. 1978: Flora Partis europaeae URSS 3. – Leningrad

R. Lambinon, J. & Verloove, F. 2012: Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du nord de la France et des régions voisines (Ptéridophytes et Spermatophytes), ed. 6. – Meise

S. van Rompaey, E. & Delvosalle, L. 1979: Atlas de la flore Belge et Luxembourgeoise. Ptéridophytes et Spermatophytes, ed. 2. – Meise

T. Colling, G. 2005: Red List of the Vascular Plants of Luxembourg. – Ferrantia 42

U. Beck, G. 1983: Flora Bosnae et Hercegovinae [Flora Bosne, Hercegovine i novipazarskog sandžaka] 4(4) [Slišković, T.]. – Sarajevo

V. Andreev, N. , Ančev, M. , Kožuharov, S. I. , Markova, M. , Peev, D. & Petrova, A. 1992: Opredelitel na visšite rastenija v Bălgarija. – Sofija: Nauka i izkustvo

W. Assyov, B., Petrova, A., Dimitrov, D. & Vassilev, R. 2012: Konspekt na visšata flora na Bălgarija, ed. 4. – Sofija

X. Jordanov, D. 1995: Flora Reipublicae Bulgaricae 10. – Editio Academica "Professor Marin Drinov"

Y. Jordanov, D. 1995: Flora na Narodna Republika Bălgarija 10. – Sofija

Z. Yena, A. V. 2012: Prirodnaya flora Krymskogo Poluostrova

AA. Nikolić, T. 2000: Flora Croatica. Index florae Croaticae, 3. – Natura Croatica 9, Suppl. 1

AB. Dostál, J. 1989: Nová kvetena CSSR 2. – Praha

AC. Kubát, K. 1992: Velky klúc na urcovanie vyssích rastlín II

AD. Slavík & Štěpánková, J. 1997: Kvetena Ceské republiky 5

AE. Hansen, K. 1993: Dansk feltflora. – København

AF. Dimopoulos, P., Raus, Th., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatroú, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A. & Tzanoudakis, D. 2013: Vascular Plants of Greece. An annotated checklist. – Englera 31

AG. Laasimer, L., Kuusk, V., Tabaka, L. & Lekavičius, A. (ed.) 1996: Flora of the Baltic countries 2. – Tartu: Estonian Academy of Sciences

AH. Preston, C. D. & al. (ed.) 2002: New Atlas of the British & Irish Flora. – Oxford

AI. Stace, C. 2010: New Flora of the British Isles, ed. 3

AJ. Tison, J.-M. & de Foucault, B. 2014: Flora Gallica. – Mèze: Biotope

AK. Davlianidze, M. T., Gvinisashvili, T., Mukbaniani, M. V., Jinjolia, L. & Jugheli, T. 2018: Nomenclatural Checklist of Flora of Georgia. – Tbilisi: Ilia State University, Institute of Botany

AL. Gagnidze, R. 2005: Vascular plants of Georgia. A nomenclatural checklist. – Tbilisi

AM. Buttler, K. P., Thieme, M. & Mitarbeiter 2016: Florenliste von Deutschland – Gefäßpflanzen, Version 8 – http://www.kp-buttler.de/florenliste/index.htm

AN. Rothmaler, W. H. P. 1994: Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 4. Gefäßpflanzen: Kritischer Band, ed. 8. – Jena, Stuttgart

AO. Rothmaler, W. H. P. 2000: Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 3. Gefäßpflanzen: Atlasband, ed. 10. – Heidelberg, Berlin

AP. Wisskirchen, R. & Haeupler, H. 1998: Standardliste der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. – Stuttgart

AQ. Horváth, F., Dobolyi, Z. K., Morschhauser, T, Lőkös, L., Karas, L. & Szerdahelyi, T. 1995: Flóra adatbázis 1.2. Taxon-lista és attribútum allomány. – Vácrátót

AR. Simon, T. 1992: A magyarországi edényes flóra határozója. Harasztok - virágos növények. – Budapest

AS. Scannell, M. J. P. & Synnott, D. M. 1987: Census catalogue of the flora of Ireland, ed. 2. – Dublin

AT. Webb, D. A., Parnell, J. & Doogue, D. 1996: An Irish Flora. – Dundalk

AU. Fragman-Sapir, O., Plitmann, U., Heller, D., Shmida, A. & al. 1999: Checklist and ecological data-base of the flora of Israel and its surroundings including Israel, Jordan, the Palestinian Autonomy, Golan Heights, Mt Hermon and Sinai. – Jerusalem: Dep. of Evolution, Systematics and Ecology, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem

AV. Conti, F., Abbate, G., Alessandrini, A. & Blasi, C. 2005: An annotated checklist of the Italian vascular flora. – Roma: Fratelli Palombi

AW. Al-Eisawi, D. M. 1982: List of Jordan vascular plants. – Mitteilungen (aus) der Botanischen Staatssammlung München 18: 79-182

AX. Taifour, H. & El-Oqlah, A. A. 2017: The plants of Jordan. An annotated checklist. – Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens

AY. Mouterde, P. 1978–1984: Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie 3, Texte. – Beirut

AZ. Jardim, R. & Menezes de Sequeira, M. 2008: Lista das plantas vasculares (Pteridophyta e Spermatophyta), pp. 179-207. – In: Borges, P. A. V., Abreu, C., Franquinho Aguiar, A. M., Carvalho, P., Jardim, R., Melo, I., Oliveira, P., Sérgio, C., Serrano, A. R. M. & Vieira, P., Listagem dos fungos, flora e fauna terrestra dos arquipélagos da Madeira e Selvagens. – Funchal

BA. Gejdeman, T. S. 1986: Opredelitel' vysših rastenij Moldavskoj SSR, ed. 3. – Kisinev: Shtiintza

BB. Rohlena, J. 1942: Conspectus florae montenegrinae. – Preslia. Věstník (Časopis) československé botanické společnosti 20-21: 1-506

BC. Duistermaat, H., Sparrius, L. B. & Denters, T. 2021: Standaardlijst van de Nederlandse flora 2020. – Gorteria; mededelingenblad ten dienste van de floristiek en het vegetatie-onderzoek van Nederland 43: 109-156

BD. Meijden, R. van der 1990: Heukels' Flora van Nederland, ed. 21. – Groningen

BE. Lid, D. T. 1994: Norsk Flora, ed. 6. – Oslo

BF. Mirek, Z. 1995: Vascular plants of Poland. A Checklist. – Polish Botanical Studies Guidebook Series 15

BG. Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkova, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M. 2002: Flowering plants and pteridophytes of Poland. A Checklist. – Biodiversity Poland 1

BH. Castroviejo, S. 2007: Flora Iberica 15. – Madrid

BI. Franco & J. do Amaral 1984: Nova flora de Portugal (continente e Açores) 2. – Lisboa

BJ. Ciocârlan, V. 1990: Flora ilustrata a României 2. – Bucureşti: Editura Ceres

BK. Ciocârlan, V. 2009: Flora Ilustrată a României: Pteridophyta et Spermatophyta. – Bucureşti

BL. Oprea, A. 2005: Lista critică a plantelor vasculare din România. – Iaşi

BM. Arrigoni, P. V. 2015: Flora dell'isola di Sardegna 5. – Sassari: Carlo Delfino

BN. Josifović, M. 1973: Flora SR Srbije = Flore de la Republique Socialiste de Serbie 5. – Beograd: Acadeie Serbe des sciences et des arts

BO. Giardina, G., Raimondo, F. M. & Spadaro, V. 2007: A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily. – Bocconea 20

BP. Raimondo, F. M., Domina, G. & Spadaro, V. 2010: Checklist of the vascular flora of Sicily. – Quaderni di Botanica ambientale e applicata 21: 189-252

BQ. Futák, J. 1985: Flóra Slovenska IV(2)

BR. Marhold, K. & Hindák, F. 1998: Zoznam nižších a vyšších rastlín Slovenska. – Bratislava

BS. Aeschimann, D., Lauber, K., Moser, D. M. & Theurillat, J. P. 2004: Flora alpina 2. – Bern, Stuttgart & Wien

BT. Martinčič, A. 1999: Mala flora Slovenije, ed. 3. – Ljubljana

BU. Rottensteiner, W. K. 2014: Exkursionsflora für Istrien. – Klagenfurt

BV. Carrillo, E., Mercadé, A., Ninot, J. M., Carreras, J., Ferré, A. & Font, X. 2008: Check-list i Llista vermella de la flora d’Andorra

BW. Karlsson, T. 1998: Förteckning över svenska kärlväxter. – Svensk botanisk tidskrift utgifven af svenska botaniska föreningen 91(5): 241-560

BX. Krok, T. O. B. N. & Almquist, S. O. I. 1994: Svensk Flora: Fanerogamer och ormbunksvaxter 27, ed. 27. – Stockholm

BY. Aeschimann, D. & Burdet, H. M. 1994: Flore de la Suisse, ed. 2. – Neuchâtel

BZ. Hess, H. E. 1998: Bestimmungsschlüssel zur Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete, ed. 4. – Basel, Boston & Berlin

CA. Hess, H. E., Landolt, E., Hirzel, R. & Baltisberger, M. 2010: Bestimmungsschlüssel zur Flora der Schweiz, ed. 6. – Basel: Birkhäuser

CB. Le Floc’h, E., Boulos, L. & Véla, E. 2011: Catalogue synonymique commenté de la Flore de Tunisie, ed. 2. – Tunis

CC. Güner, A. 2012: Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi. – Istanbul

CD. Mosyakin, S. L. & Fedoronchuk, M. M. 1999: Vascular plants of Ukraine. A nomenclatural checklist. – Kiev: M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

CE. Prokudin, J. N. 1987: Opredelitel’ vysših rastenij Ukrainy. – Kiev: Naukova Dumka

CF. anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/ (as Sambucus nigra L.)

CG. Kurtto, A., Lampinen, R., Piirainen, M. & Uotila, P. 2019: Checklist of the vascular plants of Finland. Suomen putkilokasvien luettelo. – Helsinki: Finnish Museum of Natural History LUOMUS (as Sambucus nigra L.)

CH. Voliotis, D. & Athanasiadis, N. 1971: Dendra ke thamni [Trees and shrubs; in Greek]. – Thessaloniki (as Sambucus nigra L.)

CI. Yannitsaros, A. 1977: Contributions to the vernacular names of the Greek plants. II. Vernacular names of plants from the island of Lesvos. – Biologia gallo-hellenica; travaux des groupes franco-helléniques et de la station de Kéramou. Ergasia tôn gall-ellênikôon etaireiôn kai tou stathmou Keramous 6(2): 311-316 (as Sambucus nigra L.)