Ricinus communis

Synonymy

Ricinus communis L., Sp. Pl.: 1007. 1753

=Croton spinosus L., Sp. Pl.: 1005. 1753

=Cataputia major Ludw., Ectypa Veg.: t. 7. 1760

=Cataputia minor Ludw., Def. Gen. Pl. ed. 3: 81. 1760

=Ricinus africanus Mill., Gard. Dict. Ed. 8: 5. 1768
≡Ricinus communis subsp. africanus (Mill.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 647. 1881

=Ricinus inermis Mill., Gard. Dict. Ed. 8: 6. 1768
≡Ricinus communis f. inermis (Mill.) Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1018. 1866
≡Ricinus communis var. inermis (Mill.) Pax & K. Hoffm. in Engler, Pflanzenr. 147(11): 122. 1919

=Ricinus minor Mill., Gard. Dict. Ed. 8: 7. 1768

=Ricinus rugosus Mill., Gard. Dict. Ed. 8: 4. 1768

=Ricinus speciosus Burm. f., Fl. Indica: 207. 1768
≡Ricinus communis var. speciosus (Burm. f.) Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1021. 1866

=Ricinus urens Mill., Gard. Dict. Ed. 8: 3. 1768

=Ricinus vulgaris Mill., Gard. Dict. Ed. 8: 1. 1768

=Ricinus medicus Forssk., Fl. Aegypt.-Arab.: 164. 1775

=Ricinus lividus Jacq. in Misc. Austriac. 2: 360. 1781
≡Ricinus communis var. lividus (Jacq.) Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1018. 1866

=Ricinus digitatus Noronha in Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunsten 5(4): 26. 1790

=Ricinus peltatus Noronha in Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunsten 5(4): 2. 1790

=Ricinus medius J. F. Gmel., Syst. Nat.: 1615. 1792

=Ricinus armatus Andr., Bot. Repos. 6: t. 430. 1805
≡Ricinus communis var. armatus (Andr.) Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1018. 1866

=Ricinus viridis Willd. in Sp. Pl. 4: 564. 1805
≡Ricinus communis f. viridis (Willd.) Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1020. 1866
≡Ricinus communis subvar. viridus (Willd.) T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 67. 1956

=Ricinus undulatus Besser, Cat. Jard. Bot. Krzemieniec: 90. 1811
≡Ricinus communis var. undulatus (Besser) Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1021. 1866

=Ricinus nanus Bald., Cat. Pl.13, ed. 18: 65. 1813

=Ricinus hybridus Besser, Cat. Jard. Bot. Krzemieniec, Suppl. 2: 13. 1814
≡Ricinus communis f. hybridus (Besser) Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1020. 1866
≡Ricinus communis var. hybridus (Besser) Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1020. 1866

=Ricinus angulatus Thunb., Ricin.: 6. 1815

=Ricinus japonicus Thunb., Ricin.: 4. 1815

=Ricinus laevis DC., Rapp. [Not.] Pl. Rar. Genève 1: 31. 1823
≡Ricinus communis f. laevis (DC.) Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1021. 1866

=Ricinus communis var. minor Steud., Nomencl. Bot. 2: 459. 1824

=Ricinus leucocarpus Bertol. in Giorn. Arcadico Sci. 21: 192. 1824
≡Ricinus communis var. leucocarpus (Bertol.) Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1018. 1866

=Ricinus macrophyllus Bertol. in Giorn. Arcadico Sci. 21: 192. 1824

=Ricinus glaucus Hoffmanns., Verz. Pfl. Nachtr. 2: 199. 1826
≡Ricinus communis f. glaucus (Hoffmanns.) Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1020. 1866

=Ricinus spectabilis Blume, Bijdr.: 623. 1826

=Ricinus megalosperma Delile in Cailliaud, Voy. Méroé 4: 89. 1827
≡Ricinus communis var. megalospermus (Delile) Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1017. 1866

=Ricinus scaber Bertol. ex Moris, Stirp. Sard. Elench. 1: 41. 1827
≡Ricinus communis f. scaber (Bertol. ex Moris) Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1019. 1866
≡Ricinus communis subsp. scaber (Bertol. ex Moris) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 647. 1881

=Ricinus badius Rchb., Iconogr. Bot. Exot. 2: 21. 1829
≡Ricinus communis var. badius (Rchb.) Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1019. 1866

=Ricinus europaeus T. Nees, Gen. Fl. Germ.: 38. 1833

=Ricinus krappa Steud., Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 459. 1841

=Ricinus perennis Steud., Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 459. 1841

=Ricinus purpurascens Bertol., Misc. Bot. 9: 4. 1851
≡Ricinus communis var. purpurascens (Bertol.) Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1018. 1866
≡Ricinus communis f. purpurascens (Bertol.) Pax in Engler, Pflanzenr. 147(11): 122. 1919
≡Ricinus communis subvar. purpurascens (Bertol.) T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 50. 1956

=Ricinus obermannii Groenland in Rev. Hort., ser. 4, 7: 601. 1858

=Ricinus sanguineus Groenland in Rev. Hort., ser. 4, 7: 601. 1858

=Ricinus ruber Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(2): 390. 1859

=Ricinus communis var. sanguineus Baill. in Recueil Observ. Bot. 1: 342. 1861

=Ricinus communis var. benguelensis Müll. Arg. in J. Bot. 1: 337. 1864

=Ricinus compactus Huber, Cat. Print. 1865: 8. 1865

=Ricinus communis f. americanus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1017. 1866
≡Ricinus communis subvar. americanus (Müll. Arg.) T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 44. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. blumeanus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1018. 1866
≡Ricinus communis subvar. blumeanus (Müll. Arg.) T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 46. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. denudatus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1020. 1866

=Ricinus communis f. epiglaucus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1020. 1866

=Ricinus communis f. erythrocladus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1020. 1866
≡Ricinus communis subvar. erythrocladus (Müll. Arg.) T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 64. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. gracilis Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1021. 1866
≡Ricinus communis subvar. gracilis (Müll. Arg.) T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 68. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. intermedius Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1020. 1866

=Ricinus communis f. macrophyllus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1020. 1866
≡Ricinus communis subvar. macrophyllus (Müll. Arg.) T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 64. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. oligacanthus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1020. 1866

=Ricinus communis f. pruinosus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1017. 1866
≡Ricinus communis subvar. pruinosus (Müll. Arg.) T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 41. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. rutilans Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1017. 1866
≡Ricinus communis subvar. rutilans (Müll. Arg.) T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 40. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. subpurpurascens Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1020. 1866

=Ricinus communis f. subviridus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1019. 1866
≡Ricinus communis subvar. subviridus (Müll. Arg.) T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 65. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. zollingeri Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1018. 1866

=Ricinus communis var. africanus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1019. 1866

=Ricinus communis var. amblyocalyx Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1019. 1866

=Ricinus communis var. americanus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1017. 1866

=Ricinus communis var. macrophyllus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1020. 1866

=Ricinus communis var. microcarpus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1020. 1866

=Ricinus communis var. reichenbachianus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1019. 1866

=Ricinus communis var. rheedianus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1020. 1866

=Ricinus communis var. rugosus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1018. 1866

=Ricinus communis var. subpurpurascens Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1020. 1866

=Ricinus rutilans Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1017. 1866

=Ricinus gibsonii H. J.Veitch in Gard. Chron., ser. 2, 2: 610. 1874

=Ricinus cambodgensis Benary in Gartenflora 36: 102. 1887

=Ricinus zanzibarensis hort. in Ill. Hort. 41: 99. 1894

=Ricinus messeniacus Heldr., Herb. Graec. Norm.: 1480. 1899

=Ricinus communis var. bailundensis J. M. Coult. in Bull. Soc. Portug. Sci. Nat. 1918: 82. 1918

=Ricinus atropurpureus Pax & K. Hoffm. in Engler, Pflanzenr. 147(9): 126. 1919

=Ricinus borboniensis Pax & K. Hoffm. in Engler, Pflanzenr. 147(9): 126. 1919

=Ricinus communis var. brasiliensis Müll. Arg. ex Pax & K. Hoffm. in Engler, Pflanzenr. 147(11): 119. 1919

=Ricinus giganteus Pax & K. Hoffm. in Engler, Pflanzenr. 147(9): 126. 1919

=Ricinus metallicus Pax & K. Hoffm. in Engler, Pflanzenr. 147(9): 126. 1919

=Ricinus persicus Popova in Trudy Byuro Evgen. 16: 229. 1926

=Ricinus communis subsp. persicus Popova, Kleshchevina izd. VIR: 27. 1930

=Ricinus communis subsp. sanguineus Popova, Kleshchevina izd. VIR: 35. 1930

=Ricinus communis subsp. zanzibarinus Popova, Kleshchevina izd. VIR: 43. 1930

=Ricinus communis subsp. mexicanus Popova, Bukasov S.M. Vozdelyv. Rast. Meksiki: 409. 1931
≡Ricinus communis var. mexicanus (Popova) Moshkin, Kleshchevina (Nauch. Trudy Vasknil): 40. 1980

=Ricinus communis subsp. sinensis Hiltebr., Mirov. Rast. Res.: 63. 1935

=Ricinus communis subsp. manshuricus V. Bork., Descr. Var. Azcherkraya: 106. 1936

=Ricinus communis proles persicus Popova, Kulturnaya Fl. SSSR 7: 289. 1941

=Ricinus communis var. caesius Popova, Kulturnaya Fl. SSSR 7: 287. 1941

=Ricinus communis var. virens Popova, Kulturnaya Fl. SSSR 7: 290. 1941

=Ricinus zanzibarinus Popova, Kulturnaya Fl. SSSR 7: 292. 1941

=Ricinus communis f. argentatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 34. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. argyratus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 36. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. atratus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(2): 32. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. atrobrunneatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 37. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. atrofulvatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 55. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. atrofuscatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 53. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. atrophoeniceus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 66. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. atropunicatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 43. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. atropurpureatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 50. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. avellanatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 56. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. canatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 47. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. canescens T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 48. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. carneatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 44. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. cervatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 43. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. cinerascens T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 27. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. cinereatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 65. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. exiguus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 68. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. fulvatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 68. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. fumatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 41. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. fuscatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 35. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. gilvus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 53. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. guttatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 47. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. incarnatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 46. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. maculatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 29. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. marmoreatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 40. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. murinatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 66. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. nigellus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 51. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. nigrescens T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 45. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. niveatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 39. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. oblongus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 31. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. obscurus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 42. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. ostrinatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 58. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. pardalinus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 31. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. picturatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 30. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. plumbeatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 62. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. pullatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 49. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. punctatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 48. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. punctulatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 61. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. punicans T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 57. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. radiatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 64. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. rufescens T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 55. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. russatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 57. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. scriptus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 59. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. sordidus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 33. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. stigmosus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 28. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. striatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 63. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. subrotundus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 54. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. sulcatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 38. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. tigrinus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 39. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. umbrinus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 59. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. venosus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 37. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. vinatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 52. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. zebrinus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 60. 1956

=Ricinus communis f. zonatus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 50. 1956

=Ricinus communis subvar. almeidae T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 58. 1956

=Ricinus communis subvar. epruinosus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 43. 1956

=Ricinus communis subvar. glauceus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 27. 1956

=Ricinus communis subvar. griseus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 33. 1956

=Ricinus communis subvar. roseus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 55. 1956

=Ricinus communis subvar. violaceus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 36. 1956

=Ricinus communis subvar. violeus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 30. 1956

=Ricinus communis var. macrocarpus T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 27. 1956

=Ricinus communis var. vasconcellosii T. Carvalho in Anais Junta Invest. Ultramar 11(4): 33. 1956

=Ricinus communis subsp. indicus Popova & Moshkin, Kleshchevina (Nauch. Trudy Vasknil): 35. 1980

=Ricinus communis subsp. ruderalis Popova & Moshkin, Kleshchevina (Nauch. Trudy Vasknil): 38. 1980, nom. illeg.

=Ricinus communis subsp. sinensis Popova & Moshkin, Kleshchevina (Nauch. Trudy Vasknil): 34. 1980, nom. illeg.

=Ricinus communis var. aegyptiaceus (Popova) Moshkin, Kleshchevina (Nauch. Trudy Vasknil): 40. 1980
≡Ricinus microcarpus proles aegypticus Popova, Kulturnaya Fl. SSSR 7: 291. 1941, nom. inval.

=Ricinus communis var. brevinodis Moshkin, Kleshchevina (Nauch. Trudy Vasknil): 32. 1980

=Ricinus communis var. glaucus Popova & Moshkin, Kleshchevina (Nauch. Trudy Vasknil): 37. 1980

=Ricinus communis var. griseofolius Moshkin, Kleshchevina (Nauch. Trudy Vasknil): 36. 1980

=Ricinus communis var. indehiscens Moshkin, Kleshchevina (Nauch. Trudy Vasknil): 33. 1980

=Ricinus communis var. japonicus Popova & Moshkin, Kleshchevina (Nauch. Trudy Vasknil): 35. 1980

=Ricinus communis var. microspermus Moshkin, Kleshchevina (Nauch. Trudy Vasknil): 31. 1980

=Ricinus communis var. nanus Moshkin, Kleshchevina (Nauch. Trudy Vasknil): 38. 1980

=Ricinus communis var. roseus Popova & Moshkin, Kleshchevina (Nauch. Trudy Vasknil): 31. 1980

=Ricinus communis var. spontaneus Popova & Moshkin, Kleshchevina (Nauch. Trudy Vasknil): 39. 1980

=Ricinus communis var. violaceocaulis Moshkin, Kleshchevina (Nauch. Trudy Vasknil): 34. 1980

=Ricinus communis var. viridis Popova & Moshkin, Kleshchevina (Nauch. Trudy Vasknil): 32. 1980

=Ricinus tunisensis Desf., Tabl. École Bot., ed. 3: 340. 1829

=Ricinus vulgaris Garsault, Fig. Pl. Méd.: 66. 1764, nom. inval.

=Ricinus communis var. genuinus Müll. Arg. in Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 1019. 1866, nom. inval.

=Ricinus macrocarpus Popova, Kulturnaya Fl. SSSR 7: 278. 1941, nom. inval.

=Ricinus macrocarpus proles indicus Popova, Kulturnaya Fl. SSSR 7: 283. 1941, nom. inval.

=Ricinus macrocarpus proles japonicus Popova, Kulturnaya Fl. SSSR 7: 285. 1941, nom. inval.

=Ricinus macrocarpus proles sanguineus Popova, Kulturnaya Fl. SSSR 7: 280. 1941, nom. inval.

=Ricinus macrocarpus var. nudus Popova, Kulturnaya Fl. SSSR 7: 287. 1941, nom. inval.

=Ricinus microcarpus Popova, Kulturnaya Fl. SSSR 7: 287. 1941, nom. inval.

=Ricinus microcarpus proles indostanicus Popova, Kulturnaya Fl. SSSR 7: 290. 1941, nom. inval.

=Ricinus microcarpus subsp. spontaneus Popova, Kulturnaya Fl. SSSR 7: 288. 1941, nom. inval.

=Ricinus microcarpus var. atrovirens Popova, Kulturnaya Fl. SSSR 7: 290. 1941, nom. inval.

=Ricinus communis var. typicus Fiori in Fiori & al., Fl. Italia 2: 292. 1901, nom. inval.

Content

Distribution

[Hs Lu Ma Md Sg]

Euro+Med: Madeira archipelago introducedA; Morocco introducedA; Portugal introducedA; Salvage islands introducedA; Spain, with Gibraltar and Andorra introducedA

Common Names

Aragonese (Spain): mosquiteraB, rezinoB; Basque (Spain): akain-belarB, errizinoB, errizinuB; Catalan; Valencian (Spain): enfiterB, fesolera de llumB, figuera bordaB, figuera de ricíB, figuera del diableB, figuera dels talpsC, figuera infernalC, herba de les talpesC, herba de talpasC, herba de talpesC, herba de talposC, llagastaC, mugeraC, mutxeraC, ricinerC, ricíC, rissinoC, rènegaC; Finnish (Finland): risiiniD; Galician (Spain): bafureiraC, carrapateiraC, carrapateiroC, catapúciaC, catapúcia-figueira-do-infernoC, erva dos carrapatosC, figueira do infernoC, figueira-do-infernoC, mamonaC, mamoneiroC, ricinoC, rícinoC; Majorcan (Mallorca): caga mutxoC, cagamujaC, cagamutxoC, enfiterC, herba tauperaC, ricinerC, ricíC; Portuguese (Portugal): bafureiraC, carrapateiraC, carrapateiroC, carrapatosC, catapucia maiorC, catapúciaC, catapúcia-figueira-do-infernoC, catapúcia-maiorC, erva dos carrapatosC, erva-dos-carrapatosC, figueira do infernoC, figueira-do-infernoC, herva dos carrapatosC, mammonaC, mamonaC, mamoneiroC, palma ChristiC, palma-ChristiC, ricino menorC, ricino ordinarioC, rizinC, rícinoC; Spanish; Castilian (Spain): alchervaC, bafureuraC, castaño de la IndiaC, catapuciaC, catapucia mayorC, catapucía mayorC, cataputia mayorC, catapúcia mayorC, chervaC, crotonC, grano mayor de reyesC, hiera del demonioC, higuera de infiernoC, higuera del demonioC, higuera del diabloC, higuera del infiernoC, higuera infernalC, higueretaC, higuereta infernalC, higuerillaC, higuerilloC, kervaC, mamonaC, mosquiteraC, palmaC, palma de cristoC, palma-ChristiC, palmacristiC, quervaC, recinoC, rejalgarC, ricinoC, riznoC, tártago de VenezuelaC, árbol del demonioC; Swedish (Sweden & Finland): ricinD; Valencian (Spain): figuera bordaC, figuera de diableC, figuera del diableC, figuera racineraC, figuera resineraC, mocheraC, mugeraC, mugera comunC, mugera comunaC, mugueraC, mutxeraC, ricíC

Bibliography

A. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

B. anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/

C. anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/ (as Ricinus communis L.)

D. Kurtto, A., Lampinen, R., Piirainen, M. & Uotila, P. 2019: Checklist of the vascular plants of Finland. Suomen putkilokasvien luettelo. – Helsinki: Finnish Museum of Natural History LUOMUS (as Ricinus communis L.)