Viola riviniana

Synonymy

Source: Raab-Straube, E. von & Henning, T. (2018+): Violaceae. – In: Euro+Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Viola riviniana Rchb., Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit. 1: 81. 1823

≡Viola canina subsp. riviniana (Rchb.) Schübler & G. Martens, Fl. Würtemberg: 159. 1834
≡Viola sylvestris subsp. riviniana (Rchb.) Tourlet, Cat. Pl. Vasc. Indre-Et-Loire: 61. 1908

=Viola insularis Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 1: 178. 1848

=Viola caniniformis K. Richt. in Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 38: 221. 1888

=Viola riviniana subsp. neglecta W. Becker in Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 40: 53. 1924

=Viola riviniana subsp. minor (Greg.) Valentine in New Phytol. 40: 208. 1941

Content

Distribution

AE(G) Ag Al Au(A L) BH Be(B L) Br Bu By Ca(dG dH dP dT) Cg Co Cs Ct Da Es Fa Fe Ga(F) Ge Gr Hb(E N) He Ho Hs(A S) Hu Is It La Le Lt Lu Ma Md(M) Mk Mo No Po Rf(C E K N NW) Rm Sa Si(S) Sk Sl Sr Su Tn Tu(E) UC

Euro+Med not endemicA,B,C,D,E,F,G,H: Albania nativeI,J,K,L,M,N; Algeria nativeO,P; Austria, with Liechtenstein nativeK (Austria nativeQ,R,S, Liechtenstein nativeR); Belarus nativeT,U,V; Belgium, with Luxembourg nativeK (Belgium nativeW,X, Luxembourg nativeX,Y); Bosnia-Herzegovina nativeZ; Bulgaria nativeAA,AB,AC,K; Canary islands nativeO (Gomera native: doubtfully nativeAD, Hierro native: doubtfully nativeAD, La Palma native: doubtfully nativeAD, Tenerife native: doubtfully nativeAD); Corsica nativeAE,C,D,K; Croatia nativeAF,AG,AH,Z; Czech Republic nativeAI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,AN,AO,AP,S; Denmark nativeAQ,AR,AS,K; East Aegean islands (Greek East Aegean islands nativeAT,B); Estonia nativeAU,T,U,V; Faroe islands nativeAR,K; Finland nativeAR,AS,AV,K; Former Yugoslavia nativeK; France, with Channel is. and Monaco (France nativeAW,D,K,W); Germany nativeAX,AY,AZ,BA,BB,BC,K,S; Great Britain nativeK; Greece nativeAT,G,K; Hungary nativeBD,BE,K; Iceland nativeBF,K; Ireland, with N Ireland nativeK (Ireland nativeBG,BH, Northern Ireland nativeBG); Italy, with San Marino and Vatican City nativeAH,BI,E,K,R; Latvia nativeAU,T,U,V; Lebanon nativeBJ,BK,F; Lithuania nativeAU,T,U,V; Madeira archipelago nativeO (Madeira island nativeBL); Moldova nativeBM; Montenegro nativeBN,Z; Morocco nativeBO,BP,BQ,O; Netherlands nativeBR,BS,K; North Macedonia nativeBT,Z; Norway nativeAR,AS,K; Poland nativeBU,BV,K; Portugal nativeA,BW,K; Romania nativeBX,BY,BZ,K; Russia (C European Russia nativeT,U,V, E European Russia nativeT,U,V, Kaliningrad region nativeCA,T,U,V, N European Russia nativeU, NW European Russia nativeCB,T,U,V); Sardinia nativeBI,CC,E,K; Serbia, with Kosovo nativeCD,Z; Sicily, with Malta nativeK (Sicily nativeBI,CE,CF,E); Slovakia nativeAJ,AK,AL,AM,AN,AO,CG,CH; Slovenia nativeAH,CI,Z; Spain, with Gibraltar and Andorra nativeK (Andorra nativeA,CJ, Spain nativeA,CK,H); Sweden nativeAR,AS,CL,CM,K; Switzerland nativeCN,CO,CP,K,S; Tunisia nativeCQ,CR,CS,O; Turkey (Turkey-in-Europe nativeK); Ukraine, with Crimea nativeCT,CU

Common Names

Asturian; Bable; Leonese; Asturleonese (Spain): violetaCV; Finnish (Finland): metsäorvokkiCW; Galician (Spain): violetaCV; Spanish; Castilian (Spain): clavelinaCV, violetaCV, violeta de bosqueCV, violeta silvestreCV, violetasCV; Swedish (Sweden & Finland): skogsviolCW

Bibliography

A. Castroviejo, S. 1993: Flora Iberica. Plantas vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. 3

B. Davis, P. H. 1988: Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 10 (suppl.) [Davis, P. H., Mill, R. R. & Tan, K.]. – Edinburgh

C. Gamisans, J. 1985: Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Corse. – Ajaccio

D. Guinochet, M. & Vilmorin, R. de 1982: Flore de France 4. – Paris

E. Pignatti, S. 1982: Flora d'Italia 2

F. Post, G. E. 1932: Flora of Syria, Palestine and Sinai, ed. 2, 1

G. Strid, P. A. K. 1986: Mountain Flora of Greece 1. – Cambridge & Edinburgh

H. Valdés, B. 1987: Flora Vascular de Andalucía Occidental 1

I. Barina, Z. 2017: Distribution atlas of vascular plants in Albania. – Budapest: Hungarian Natural History Museum

J. Demiri, M. 1983: Flora ekskursioniste e shqipërisë. – Tiranë: Shtëpia Botuese e Librit Shkollor

K. Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. 1964–1980: Flora europaea 1-5. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

L. Vangjeli, J. 2003: Udhëheqës fushor i florës së Shqipërisë. – Tiranë

M. Vangjeli, J. 2015: Excursion Flora of Albania

N. Vangjeli, J. 2017: Flora Albanica. Atlas 1. – Schmitten-Obereifenberg: Koeltz

O. Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. 2013: Index synonymique de la flore d'afrique du nord 5. – Genève

P. Quézel, P. A. & Santa, S. 1963: Nouvelle flore de l’Algérie et des régions désertiques méridionales 2. – Paris (as Viola sylvestris subsp. riviniana (Rchb.) Tourlet)

Q. Adler, W., Oswald, K. & Fischer, R. 1994: Exkursionsflora von Österreich. – Stuttgart & Wien

R. Fischer, M. A., Oswald, K. & Adler, W. 2008: Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol, ed. 3. – Linz

S. Hegi, G. 1975: Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa, ed. 2, V

T. Fedorov, A. A. 1996: Flora Europae Orientalis 9. – Petropoli: Mir i Semia-XCV

U. Tzvelev, N. N. & Geltman, D. V. (ed.) 2012: Conspectus Florae Europae Orientalis 1. – Petropoli

V. Tzvelev, N. N. 1996: Flora vostočnoj Evropy 9. – Sankt-Peterburg

W. Lambinon, J. & Verloove, F. 2012: Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du nord de la France et des régions voisines (Ptéridophytes et Spermatophytes), ed. 6. – Meise

X. van Rompaey, E. & Delvosalle, L. 1979: Atlas de la flore Belge et Luxembourgeoise. Ptéridophytes et Spermatophytes, ed. 2. – Meise

Y. Colling, G. 2005: Red List of the Vascular Plants of Luxembourg. – Ferrantia 42

Z. Trinajstić, I. (ed.) 1975: Flora analitica Jugoslaviae 2(1). – Zagreb: Institut za botaniku sveučilišta u Zagrebu

AA. Andreev, N. , Ančev, M. , Kožuharov, S. I. , Markova, M. , Peev, D. & Petrova, A. 1992: Opredelitel na visšite rastenija v Bălgarija. – Sofija: Nauka i izkustvo

AB. Assyov, B., Petrova, A., Dimitrov, D. & Vassilev, R. 2012: Konspekt na visšata flora na Bălgarija, ed. 4. – Sofija

AC. Jordanov, D. 1979: Flora na Narodna Republika Bălgarija 7. – Sofija

AD. Acebes Ginovés, J. R. & al. 2010: Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta, pp. 119-172. – In: Arechavaleta, M., Rodríguez, S., Zurita, N. & García, A., Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias. Hongos, plantas y animales terrestres. 2009. – Santa Cruz de Tenerife

AE. Jeanmonod, D. & Gamisans, J. 2013: Flora corsica, ed. 2. – Saujon: Société Botanique du Centre-Ouest

AF. Nikolić, T. 1997: Flora Croatica, Index Florae Croaticae Pars 2. – Zagreb: Croatian Natural History Museum

AG. Nikolić, T. 2020: Flora Croatica. Vaskularna flora Republike Hrvatske 3. – Zagreb

AH. Rottensteiner, W. K. 2014: Exkursionsflora für Istrien. – Klagenfurt

AI. Danihelka, J., Chrtek, J. & Kaplan, Z. 2012: Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic. – Preslia 84: 647-811

AJ. Dostál, J. 1989: Nová Kvetena CSSR 1 (as Viola riviniana Rchb. subsp. riviniana)

AK. Dostál, J. 1989: Nová Kvetena CSSR 1 (as Viola riviniana subsp. minor (Greg.) Valentine)

AL. Dostál, J. 1989: Nová Kvetena CSSR 1

AM. Kubát, K. 1992: Velky klúc na urcovanie vyssích rastlín II (as Viola riviniana subsp. minor (Greg.) Valentine)

AN. Kubát, K. 1992: Velky klúc na urcovanie vyssích rastlín II

AO. Kubát, K. 1992: Velky klúc na urcovanie vyssích rastlín II (as Viola riviniana Rchb. subsp. riviniana)

AP. Slavík & Štěpánková, J. 1990: Kvetena Ceské republiky 2

AQ. Hansen, K. 1993: Dansk feltflora. – København

AR. Jonsell, B. & Karlsson, T. 2010: Flora Nordica 6. – Stockholm

AS. Lid, D. T. 1994: Norsk Flora, ed. 6. – Oslo

AT. Dimopoulos, P., Raus, Th., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatroú, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A. & Tzanoudakis, D. 2013: Vascular Plants of Greece. An annotated checklist. – Englera 31

AU. Laasimer, L., Kuusk, V., Tabaka, L. & Lekavičius, A. (ed.) 1996: Flora of the Baltic countries 2. – Tartu: Estonian Academy of Sciences

AV. Hämet-Ahti, L., Suominen, J., Ulvinen, T. & Uotila, P. 1998: Retkeilykasvio, ed. 4. – Helsinki

AW. Tison, J.-M. & de Foucault, B. 2014: Flora Gallica. – Mèze: Biotope

AX. Buttler, K. P., Thieme, M. & Mitarbeiter 2016: Florenliste von Deutschland - Gefäßpflanzen. Version 8 (August 2016) - http://www.kp-buttler.de/florenliste/index.htm

AY. Rothmaler, W. H. P. 1994: Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 4. Gefäßpflanzen: Kritischer Band, ed. 8. – Jena, Stuttgart

AZ. Rothmaler, W. H. P. 1994: Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 4. Gefäßpflanzen: Kritischer Band, ed. 8. – Jena, Stuttgart (as Viola riviniana Rchb. subsp. riviniana)

BA. Rothmaler, W. H. P. 1994: Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 4. Gefäßpflanzen: Kritischer Band, ed. 8. – Jena, Stuttgart (as Viola riviniana subsp. minor (Greg.) Valentine)

BB. Rothmaler, W. H. P. 2000: Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 3. Gefäßpflanzen: Atlasband, ed. 10. – Heidelberg, Berlin

BC. Wisskirchen, R. & Haeupler, H. 1998: Standardliste der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. – Stuttgart

BD. Horváth, F., Dobolyi, Z. K., Morschhauser, T, Lőkös, L., Karas, L. & Szerdahelyi, T. 1995: Flóra adatbázis 1.2. Taxon-lista és attribútum allomány. – Vácrátót

BE. Simon, T. 1992: A magyarországi edényes flóra határozója. Harasztok - virágos növények. – Budapest

BF. Löve, Á. 1983: Flora of Iceland. – Reykjavik

BG. Scannell, M. J. P. & Synnott, D. M. 1987: Census catalogue of the flora of Ireland, ed. 2. – Dublin

BH. Webb, D. A., Parnell, J. & Doogue, D. 1996: An Irish Flora. – Dundalk

BI. Conti, F., Abbate, G., Alessandrini, A. & Blasi, C. 2005: An annotated checklist of the Italian vascular flora. – Roma: Fratelli Palombi

BJ. Mouterde, P. 1970: Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie 2. – Beyrouth

BK. Post, G. E. 1932: Flora of Syria, Palestine and Sinai, ed. 2, 1 (as Viola riviniana subsp. neglecta W. Becker)

BL. Jardim, R. & Menezes de Sequeira, M. 2008: Lista das plantas vasculares (Pteridophyta e Spermatophyta), pp. 179-207. – In: Borges, P. A. V., Abreu, C., Franquinho Aguiar, A. M., Carvalho, P., Jardim, R., Melo, I., Oliveira, P., Sérgio, C., Serrano, A. R. M. & Vieira, P., Listagem dos fungos, flora e fauna terrestra dos arquipélagos da Madeira e Selvagens. – Funchal

BM. Gejdeman, T. S. 1986: Opredelitel' vysših rastenij Moldavskoj SSR, ed. 3. – Kisinev: Shtiintza

BN. Rohlena, J. 1942: Conspectus florae montenegrinae. – Preslia. Věstník (Časopis) československé botanické společnosti 20-21: 1-506

BO. Fennane, M., Ibn Tattou, M., Mathez, J., Ouyahya, A. & Oualidi, J. 1999: Flore Pratique du Maroc 1

BP. Jahandiez, É. & Maire, R. C. J. E. 1932: Catalogue des plantes du Maroc 2. – Alger (as Viola sylvestris subsp. riviniana (Rchb.) Tourlet)

BQ. Valdés, B. & al. 2002: Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du nord du Maroc, incluant des clés d'ídentification 1. – Madrid

BR. Duistermaat, H., Sparrius, L. B. & Denters, T. 2021: Standaardlijst van de Nederlandse flora 2020. – Gorteria; mededelingenblad ten dienste van de floristiek en het vegetatie-onderzoek van Nederland 43: 109-156

BS. Meijden, R. van der 1990: Heukels' Flora van Nederland, ed. 21. – Groningen

BT. Micevski, K. 1995: Flora of Republic of Macedonia 1(3). – Skopje: Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts

BU. Mirek, Z. 1995: Vascular plants of Poland. A Checklist. – Polish Botanical Studies Guidebook Series 15

BV. Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkova, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M. 2002: Flowering plants and pteridophytes of Poland. A Checklist. – Biodiversity Poland 1

BW. J. M. A. do A. Franco 1971: Nova Flora de Portugal (continente e Açores). 1. – Lisboa

BX. Ciocârlan, V. 2009: Flora Ilustrată a României: Pteridophyta et Spermatophyta. – Bucureşti

BY. Ciocîrlan, V. 1988: Flora Ilustrata a României 1. – Bucureşti: Editura Ceres

BZ. Oprea, A. 2005: Lista critică a plantelor vasculare din România. – Iaşi

CA. Dedkov, V. P. (ed.) 1999: Konspekt sosudistyh rastenij Kaliningradskoj Oblasti. – Kaliningrad

CB. Tzvelev, N. N. 2000: Opredelitel’ sosudistyhrastenij severo-zapadnoj Rossii (Leningradskaja, Pskovskaja i Novgorodskaja oblasti). – Sankt Peterburg

CC. Arrigoni, P. V. 2010: Flora dell'isola di Sardegna 2. – Sassari: Carlo Delfino

CD. Josifović, M. 1972: Flora SR Srbije = Flore de la Republique Socialiste de Serbie 3. – Beograd: Academie Serbe des sciences et des arts

CE. Giardina, G., Raimondo, F. M. & Spadaro, V. 2007: A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily. – Bocconea 20

CF. Raimondo, F. M., Domina, G. & Spadaro, V. 2010: Checklist of the vascular flora of Sicily. – Quaderni di Botanica ambientale e applicata 21: 189-252

CG. Marhold, K. & Hindák, F. 1998: Zoznam nižších a vyšších rastlín Slovenska. – Bratislava

CH. Marhold, K. & Hindák, F. 1998: Zoznam nižších a vyšších rastlín Slovenska. – Bratislava (as Viola riviniana Rchb. subsp. riviniana)

CI. Martinčič, A. 1999: Mala flora Slovenije, ed. 3. – Ljubljana

CJ. Carrillo, E., Mercadé, A., Ninot, J. M., Carreras, J., Ferré, A. & Font, X. 2008: Check-list i Llista vermella de la flora d’Andorra (as Viola sylvestris subsp. riviniana (Rchb.) Tourlet)

CK. Bolòs, O. de, Vigo Bonada, J., Masalles, R. M. & Ninot, J. M. 1990: Flora manual dels països catalans. – Barcelona (as Viola sylvestris subsp. riviniana (Rchb.) Tourlet)

CL. Karlsson, T. 1998: Förteckning över svenska kärlväxter. – Svensk botanisk tidskrift utgifven af svenska botaniska föreningen 91(5): 241-560

CM. Krok, T. O. B. N. & Almquist, S. O. I. 1994: Svensk Flora: Fanerogamer och ormbunksvaxter 27, ed. 27. – Stockholm

CN. Aeschimann, D. & Burdet, H. M. 1994: Flore de la Suisse, ed. 2. – Neuchâtel

CO. Hess, H. E. 1998: Bestimmungsschlüssel zur Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete, ed. 4. – Basel, Boston & Berlin

CP. Hess, H. E., Landolt, E., Hirzel, R. & Baltisberger, M. 2010: Bestimmungsschlüssel zur Flora der Schweiz, ed. 6. – Basel: Birkhäuser

CQ. Le Floc’h, E., Boulos, L. & Véla, E. 2011: Catalogue synonymique commenté de la Flore de Tunisie, ed. 2. – Tunis

CR. Le Floc’h, E., Boulos, L. & Véla, E. 2011: Catalogue synonymique commenté de la Flore de Tunisie, ed. 2. – Tunis (as Viola riviniana Rchb. subsp. riviniana)

CS. Pottier-Alapetite, G. 1981: Flore de la Tunisie 2. – Tunis (as Viola sylvestris subsp. riviniana (Rchb.) Tourlet)

CT. Mosyakin, S. L. & Fedoronchuk, M. M. 1999: Vascular plants of Ukraine. A nomenclatural checklist. – Kiev: M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

CU. Prokudin, J. N. 1987: Opredelitel’ vysših rastenij Ukrainy. – Kiev: Naukova Dumka

CV. anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/

CW. Kurtto, A., Lampinen, R., Piirainen, M. & Uotila, P. 2019: Checklist of the vascular plants of Finland. Suomen putkilokasvien luettelo. – Helsinki: Finnish Museum of Natural History LUOMUS