Viola alba subsp. alba

Synonymy

Source: Raab-Straube, E. von & Henning, T. (2018+): Violaceae. – In: Euro+Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Viola alba Besser subsp. alba

=Viola scotophylla Jord., Observ. Pl. Nouv. 7: 9. 1849
≡Viola alba subsp. scotophylla (Jord.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 78. 1878

=Viola thessala Boiss. & Heldr. in Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient. 8: 51. 1849
≡Viola alba subsp. thessala (Boiss. & Heldr.) Hayek in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(1): 502. 1925

=Viola armena Boiss. & A. Huet in Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 5: 48. 1856

=Viola virescens Boreau, Fl. Centre France, ed. 3, 2: 77. 1857

Content

Distribution

● Al Au(A L) BH Bl(M) Bu Cm Cr Cs Ct Ga(F) Ge Gr He Hs(S) It Mk Po Rm Sk Sl Sr Su Sy Tu(A E)

Euro+Med endemicA: Albania nativeB,C,D,E; Austria, with Liechtenstein nativeC (Austria nativeF,G,H,I, Liechtenstein nativeH); Baleares (Mallorca nativeJ); Bosnia-Herzegovina nativeB,K; Bulgaria nativeB,C,L,M; Crete, with Karpathos nativeC; Crimea nativeN; Croatia nativeB,K,O,P,Q; Czech Republic nativeR,S,T; Former Yugoslavia nativeC; France, with Channel is. and Monaco (France nativeU,V); Germany nativeV,W,X,Y,Z; Greece nativeAA,AB,AC,C; Italy, with San Marino and Vatican City nativeA,AD,C,H,P,Q; North Macedonia nativeAE,AF,K; Poland nativeV; Romania nativeAG,AH,AI,B,C; Serbia, with Kosovo nativeAJ,B,K; Slovakia nativeAK,S,T; Slovenia nativeK,P,Q; Spain, with Gibraltar and Andorra (Spain nativeJ); Sweden nativeV; Switzerland nativeAL,AM,AN; Syria nativeAO; Turkey (Turkey, Asiatic part nativeAP,AQ, Turkey-in-Europe nativeAQ,C)

Bibliography

A. Pignatti, S. 1982: Flora d'Italia 2

B. Hayek, A. von: Prodromus Florae peninsulae Balcanicae, 1. – Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis Beihefte 30(1): 1-1193 (as Viola alba subsp. scotophylla (Jord.) Nyman)

C. Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. 1964–1980: Flora europaea 1-5. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (as Viola alba subsp. scotophylla (Jord.) Nyman)

D. Vangjeli, J. 2003: Udhëheqës fushor i florës së Shqipërisë. – Tiranë (as Viola alba subsp. scotophylla (Jord.) Nyman)

E. Vangjeli, J. 2015: Excursion Flora of Albania (as Viola alba subsp. scotophylla (Jord.) Nyman)

F. Adler, W., Oswald, K. & Fischer, R. 1994: Exkursionsflora von Österreich. – Stuttgart & Wien (as Viola alba subsp. scotophylla (Jord.) Nyman)

G. Adler, W., Oswald, K. & Fischer, R. 1994: Exkursionsflora von Österreich. – Stuttgart & Wien

H. Fischer, M. A., Oswald, K. & Adler, W. 2008: Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol, ed. 3. – Linz (as Viola alba subsp. scotophylla (Jord.) Nyman)

I. Fischer, M. A., Oswald, K. & Adler, W. 2008: Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol, ed. 3. – Linz

J. Bolòs, O. de, Vigo Bonada, J., Masalles, R. M. & Ninot, J. M. 1990: Flora manual dels països catalans. – Barcelona (as Viola alba subsp. scotophylla (Jord.) Nyman)

K. Trinajstić, I. (ed.) 1975: Flora analitica Jugoslaviae 2(1). – Zagreb: Institut za botaniku sveučilišta u Zagrebu (as Viola alba subsp. scotophylla (Jord.) Nyman)

L. Andreev, N. , Ančev, M. , Kožuharov, S. I. , Markova, M. , Peev, D. & Petrova, A. 1992: Opredelitel na visšite rastenija v Bălgarija. – Sofija: Nauka i izkustvo (as Viola alba subsp. scotophylla (Jord.) Nyman)

M. Jordanov, D. 1979: Flora na Narodna Republika Bălgarija 7. – Sofija (as Viola alba subsp. scotophylla (Jord.) Nyman)

N. Prokudin, J. N. 1987: Opredelitel’ vysših rastenij Ukrainy. – Kiev: Naukova Dumka (as Viola scotophylla Jord.)

O. Nikolić, T. 2020: Flora Croatica. Vaskularna flora Republike Hrvatske 3. – Zagreb (as Viola alba subsp. scotophylla (Jord.) Nyman)

P. Rottensteiner, W. K. 2014: Exkursionsflora für Istrien. – Klagenfurt

Q. Rottensteiner, W. K. 2014: Exkursionsflora für Istrien. – Klagenfurt (as Viola alba subsp. scotophylla (Jord.) Nyman)

R. Danihelka, J., Chrtek, J. & Kaplan, Z. 2012: Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic. – Preslia 84: 647-811

S. Dostál, J. 1989: Nová Kvetena CSSR 1

T. Kubát, K. 1992: Velky klúc na urcovanie vyssích rastlín II

U. Guinochet, M. & Vilmorin, R. de 1982: Flore de France 4. – Paris

V. Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. 1964–1980: Flora europaea 1-5. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

W. Buttler, K. P., Thieme, M. & Mitarbeiter 2016: Florenliste von Deutschland - Gefäßpflanzen. Version 8 (August 2016) - http://www.kp-buttler.de/florenliste/index.htm

X. Buttler, K. P., Thieme, M. & Mitarbeiter 2016: Florenliste von Deutschland - Gefäßpflanzen. Version 8 (August 2016) - http://www.kp-buttler.de/florenliste/index.htm (as Viola alba subsp. scotophylla (Jord.) Nyman)

Y. Rothmaler, W. H. P. 1994: Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 4. Gefäßpflanzen: Kritischer Band, ed. 8. – Jena, Stuttgart

Z. Wisskirchen, R. & Haeupler, H. 1998: Standardliste der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. – Stuttgart

AA. Dimopoulos, P., Raus, Th., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatroú, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A. & Tzanoudakis, D. 2013: Vascular Plants of Greece. An annotated checklist. – Englera 31

AB. Hayek, A. von: Prodromus Florae peninsulae Balcanicae, 1. – Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis Beihefte 30(1): 1-1193 (as Viola alba subsp. thessala (Boiss. & Heldr.) Hayek)

AC. Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. 1964–1980: Flora europaea 1-5. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (as Viola alba subsp. thessala (Boiss. & Heldr.) Hayek)

AD. Conti, F., Abbate, G., Alessandrini, A. & Blasi, C. 2005: An annotated checklist of the Italian vascular flora. – Roma: Fratelli Palombi

AE. Micevski, K. 1995: Flora of Republic of Macedonia 1(3). – Skopje: Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts (as Viola alba subsp. scotophylla (Jord.) Nyman)

AF. Micevski, K. 1995: Flora of Republic of Macedonia 1(3). – Skopje: Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts (as Viola alba subsp. thessala (Boiss. & Heldr.) Hayek)

AG. Ciocârlan, V. 2009: Flora Ilustrată a României: Pteridophyta et Spermatophyta. – Bucureşti

AH. Ciocîrlan, V. 1988: Flora Ilustrata a României 1. – Bucureşti: Editura Ceres

AI. Oprea, A. 2005: Lista critică a plantelor vasculare din România. – Iaşi

AJ. Josifović, M. 1972: Flora SR Srbije = Flore de la Republique Socialiste de Serbie 3. – Beograd: Academie Serbe des sciences et des arts (as Viola alba subsp. scotophylla (Jord.) Nyman)

AK. Marhold, K. & Hindák, F. 1998: Zoznam nižších a vyšších rastlín Slovenska. – Bratislava

AL. Hess, H. E. 1998: Bestimmungsschlüssel zur Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete, ed. 4. – Basel, Boston & Berlin (as Viola scotophylla Jord.)

AM. Hess, H. E., Landolt, E., Hirzel, R. & Baltisberger, M. 2010: Bestimmungsschlüssel zur Flora der Schweiz, ed. 6. – Basel: Birkhäuser (as Viola scotophylla Jord.)

AN. Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. 1964–1980: Flora europaea 1-5. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (as Viola scotophylla Jord.)

AO. Mouterde, P. 1970: Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie 2. – Beyrouth (as Viola alba subsp. thessala (Boiss. & Heldr.) Hayek)

AP. Davis, P. H. 1988: Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 10 (suppl.) [Davis, P. H., Mill, R. R. & Tan, K.]. – Edinburgh (as Viola alba subsp. thessala (Boiss. & Heldr.) Hayek)

AQ. Güner, A. 2012: Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi. – Istanbul