Sonchus

Sonchus

Synonymy

Source: Greuter, W. (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). – In: Greuter, W. & Raab-Straube, E. von (ed.): Compositae. Euro+Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
Sonchus L., Sp. Pl.: 793. 1753
    • =Aetheorhiza Cass. in Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. 48: 425. 1827
    • =Atalanthus D. Don in Edinburgh New Philos. J. 6: 311. 1829
    • Taeckholmia Boulos in Bot. Not. 120: 97. 1967, nom. illeg.
    • =Prenanthes subg. Chrysoprenanthes Sch. Bip. in Webb & Berthelot, Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2,2): 420. 1849
    • Chrysoprenanthes (Sch. Bip.) Bramwell in Bot. Macaronés. 24: 182. 2003
    • =Sonchus subg. Lactucosonchus Sch. Bip. in Webb & Berthelot, Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2,2): 426. 1850
    • Lactucosonchus (Sch. Bip.) Svent. in Cabezón & al., Index Sem. Hort. Acclim. Pl. Arautapae 1968: 53. 1969
    • Wildpretia U. Reifenb. & A. Reifenb. in Vieraea 25: 203. 1997, nom. illeg.
    • =Sventenia Font Quer in Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 2: 201. 1949
    • =Babcockia Boulos in Bull. Jard. Bot. Etat 35: 64. 1965

    Distribution

    AE(G T) Ab(A N) Ag Al Ar Au(A L) ?Az(T) BH Be(B L) Bl(I M N) Br Bu By Ca(C F G H L P T) Cg Cm Co Cr Cs Ct Cy Da Eg Es Fa Fe Ga(C F M) Ge Gg Gr Hb(E N) He Ho Hs(A G S) Hu Ir It Jo La Le Li Lt Lu Ma Md(D M P) Mk Mo No Po Rf(C CS E K N NW S) Rm Sa dSg Si(M S) Sk Sl Sn Sr Su Sy Tn Tu(A E) Uk [pAz(C F G J L M P S) aIs] 

    Euro+Med: Albania native; Algeria native; Armenia native; Austria, with Liechtenstein native (Austria native, Liechtenstein native); Azerbaijan (Azerbaijan (core) native, Nakhchivan native); Azores native: presence questionable (Corvo introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation, Faial introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation, Flores introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation, Graciosa introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation, Pico introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation, Santa Maria introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation, São Jorge introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation, São Miguel introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation, Terceira native); Baleares native (Ibiza native, Mallorca native, Menorca native); Belarus native; Belgium, with Luxembourg native (Belgium native, Luxembourg native); Bosnia-Herzegovina native; Bulgaria native; Canary islands native (Fuerteventura native, Gomera native, Gran Canaria native, Hierro native, La Palma native, Lanzarote native, Tenerife native); Corsica native; Crete, with Karpathos native; Crimea native; Croatia native; Cyprus native; Czech Republic native; Denmark native; East Aegean islands (Greek East Aegean islands native, Turkish East Aegean islands native); Egypt native; Estonia native; Faroe islands native; Finland native; Former Yugoslavia native; France, with Channel is. and Monaco (Channel islands native, France native, Monaco native); Georgia native; Germany native; Great Britain native; Greece native; Hungary native; Iceland casual; Ireland, with N Ireland native (Ireland native, Northern Ireland native); Israel/Palestine native; Italy, with San Marino and Vatican City native; Jordan native; Latvia native; Lebanon native; Libya native; Lithuania native; Madeira archipelago native (Desertas native, Madeira island native, Porto Santo native); Moldova native; Montenegro native; Morocco native; Netherlands native; North Macedonia native; Norway native; Poland native; Portugal native; Romania native; Russia (C European Russia native, E European Russia native, Kaliningrad region native, N European Russia native, NW European Russia native, North Caucasus native, S European Russia native); Salvage islands native: doubtfully native; Sardinia native; Serbia, with Kosovo native; Sicily, with Malta native (Malta native, Sicily native); Sinai native; Slovakia native; Slovenia native; Spain, with Gibraltar and Andorra native (Andorra native, Gibraltar native, Spain native); Sweden native; Switzerland native; Syria native; Tunisia native; Turkey (Turkey, Asiatic part native, Turkey-in-Europe native); Ukraine native; Ukraine, with Crimea native

    Common Names

    Albanian (Albania): EteoricaA, RrëshyellB; Arabic (Lebanon): أَثـْيوريزَةC, تِفافD; Arabic (Syria): تِفافE; Armenian (Armenia): ԻշամառոլF, ԿաթնբեկF; Bulgarian (Bulgaria): КострецG; English (Great Britain): Sow-thistleH; Estonian (Estonia): PiimohakasI; Finnish (Finland): (maito)valvatitJ; French (Corse): LaiteronK; German (Germany): GänsedistelL; Hebrew (Israel): מָרוֹרM, מרורM, נִיסָנִיתN, ניסניתN; Italian (Italy): GrespinoO, RadicchiellaP; Latvian (Latvia): MīkstpieneI; Polish (Poland): MleczQ; Romanian (Moldova): СусайR; Russian (Armenia): ОсотF; Swedish (Sweden & Finland): molkarJ; Swedish (Sweden): MolkarS

    Bibliography

    A. Vangjeli, J. (ed.) 2000: Flore de l'Albanie 4 (as Aetheorhiza Cass.)
    B. Vangjeli, J. (ed.) 2000: Flore de l'Albanie 4
    C. Nehmé, M. 2000: Dictionnaire Etymologique de la Flore du Liban (as Aetheorhiza Cass.)
    D. Nehmé, M. 2000: Dictionnaire Etymologique de la Flore du Liban
    E. Nehmé, M. 2008: Etymological Dictionary of Syrian Flora
    F. Takhtajan, A. L. 1995: Flora of Armenia 9
    G. Andreev, N. , Ančev, M. , Kožuharov, S. I. , Markova, M. , Peev, D. & Petrova, A. 1992: Opredelitel na visšite rastenija v Bălgarija. – Sofija: Nauka i izkustvo
    H. Dony, J. G., Jury, S. L. & Perring, F. H. 1986: English Names of Wild Flowers, a list recommended by the Botanical Society of the British Isles, ed. 2
    I. Kuusk, V., Tabaka, L. & Jankjavičene, R. 2003: Flora baltijskich respublik. Flora of the Baltic countries. 3. – Tartu
    J. Kurtto, A., Lampinen, R., Piirainen, M. & Uotila, P. 2019: Checklist of the vascular plants of Finland. Suomen putkilokasvien luettelo. – Helsinki: Finnish Museum of Natural History LUOMUS
    K. Gamisans, J. 2007: Flora Corsica
    L. Rothmaler, W. H. P. 2005: Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 4: Gefäßpflanzen: Kritischer Band, ed. 10. – München
    M. Danin, A.: Flora of Israel Online – http://flora.huji.ac.il
    N. Danin, A.: Flora of Israel Online – http://flora.huji.ac.il (as Aetheorhiza Cass.)
    O. Pignatti, S. 1982: Flora d'Italia 3. – Bologna
    P. Pignatti, S. 1982: Flora d'Italia 3. – Bologna (as Aetheorhiza Cass.)
    Q. Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkova, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M. 2002: Flowering plants and pteridophytes of Poland. A Checklist. – Biodiversity Poland 1
    R. Gejdeman, T. S. 1986: Opredelitel' vysših rastenij Moldavskoj SSR, ed. 3. – Kisinev: Shtiintza
    S. Karlsson, T. & Thomas: Checklista över Nordens kärlväxter – http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/chk/chk3.htm